International guidelines

The Cancer Australia systematic review⁷ identified six international guidelines that addressed central nervous system (CNS) metastases from breast cancer in their recommendations. The specific recommendations are detailed in the systematic review.

1. National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN)¹²⁷
   Central nervous system cancers guidelines cover metastatic disease with separate recommendations for limited (1-3) metastatic lesions, multiple (>3) metastatic lesions, leptomeningeal metastases, and metastatic spine tumours (2012). These recommendations were made based on consensus of an international panel.
    
2. National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE)¹²⁸
   Advanced breast cancer: diagnosis and treatment (2009). These recommendations were based on a systematic review.
    
3. European Society of Medical Oncology¹²⁹
   Locally recurrent or metastatic breast cancer: ESMO clinical practice guidelines for diagnosis, treatment and follow-up. These recommendations were made based on consensus of a Working Group.
    
4. European Federation of Neurological Societies (EFNS)¹³⁰
   Brain metastases: EFNS guidelines on brain metastases (2011). These recommendations were based on a systematic review.
    
5. Central European Cooperative Oncology Group¹³¹
   Third consensus on medical treatment of metastatic breast cancer. These recommendations were based on a literature review.
    
6. German Society of Radiation Oncology (DEGRO)¹³²
   DEGRO Practical Guidelines for palliative radiotherapy of breast cancer patients: brain metastases and leptomeningeal carcinomatosis (2010). These recommendations were based on a systematic review.