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What are the symptoms of testicular cancer?

Individuals with undescended testicles, family history of testicular cancer, abnormal testicular development, hypospadia, previous testicular cancer diagnosis, HIV/AIDS, or infertility may have increased risk for testicular cancer.

Testicular cancer may not cause any symptoms. If it does, the most common symptoms of testicular cancer are: 

  • a painless lump or swelling in a testicle 
  • a change in the size or shape of a testicle 
  • a sudden build-up of fluid in the scrotum 
  • pain or discomfort in a testicle or in the scrotum. 

Other less common symptoms include:[3] 

  • an ache in the lower abdomen or groin 
  • back pain 
  • changes in the breast tissue (due to hormonal changes from the cancer cells). 

If testicular cancer has spread, it may cause symptoms in the organ it has spread to, such as the liver, lungs or brain. 

There are several conditions that may cause these symptoms, not just testicular cancer. If you have any of these symptoms, you should discuss them with your doctor. 

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