What is Prostate cancer?
Prostate cancer occurs when abnormal cells in the prostate grow in an uncontrolled way.
The prostate is a gland in the male reproductive system. It makes a fluid that forms part of semen. The prostate is located just below the bladder and in front of the rectum.
Prostate cancer can press on or block the bladder or the urethra (the tube that allows urine to be released from the bladder) and cause problems with urination and sexual function. In advanced disease, the cancer can spread to other parts of the body to form secondary cancers (known as metastasis).
Prostate cancer is the most common cancer in men in Australia (apart from common skin cancers).[1]
Almost all prostate cancers are adenocarcinomas, which develop in the gland cells of the prostate. Other, rarer types include sarcomas, small cell carcinomas, neuroendocrine tumors, and transitional cell carcinomas.
Explore statistics on prostate cancer, including the number of new cases, deaths, survival rates, and overall prevalence.
Age, family history, and genetic factors can increase the risk of developing prostate cancer.
Prostate cancer can cause no symptoms, even in advanced stages, but may include problems urinating, pain, blood in urine or semen, back pain, weak legs, weight loss, fatigue, shortness of breath, dizziness, or pale skin.
Multiple tests, including medical history, physical exams, blood tests, imaging, and biopsies, may be used to diagnose prostate cancer, with staging determining the disease's extent and guiding treatment.
Prostate cancer treatment options depend on disease stage, location, symptoms, and patient health, and may include active surveillance, surgery, radiation therapy, hormone therapy, chemotherapy, immunotherapy, targeted therapy, and supportive care.
Living with cancer can be challenging, but you can find support from family, friends, health professionals, and cancer support organizations to help you cope with the emotional, physical, and practical issues related to your diagnosis.
Research is ongoing to find new ways to diagnose and treat different types of cancer.
Details for professionals seeking comprehensive information on prostate cancer diagnosis and treatment.
It's crucial for men to be aware of prostate cancer symptoms. If you notice any changes in your body, don't hesitate to consult a doctor. Early detection is key for successful treatment.
Last updated 30 September 2024
